- 3,832 children were diagnosed with leprosy in India, reflecting ongoing local transmission among pediatric populations. - India has set a target to interrupt the transmission of leprosy by 2027, ahead of the global Sustainable Development Goals timeline. - Early case detection, active surveillance, and post-exposure prophylaxis are critical pillars in combating childhood leprosy and reducing social stigma. - **National Leprosy Eradication Programme:** A centrally sponsored public health scheme under the National Health Mission aimed at achieving the complete eradication and interruption of leprosy transmission across India through early detection, free treatment, and proactive screening campaigns. - **Ministry of Health and Family Welfare:** The central government department in India responsible for formulating national health policies, overseeing major disease control and eradication programmes, and managing public healthcare delivery systems. - **World Health Organization:** A specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health, setting global health standards, and monitoring disease elimination targets such as leprosy thresholds worldwide. **Introduction** A recent update on India's public health campaign reveals that 3,832 children have been diagnosed with leprosy, underscoring active transmission. India has committed to interrupting leprosy transmission nationwide by 2027 through proactive screening, early detection, and intensified management under the National Leprosy Eradication Programme. **Core Issue and Detailed Points** - 3,832 children were diagnosed with leprosy in India, reflecting ongoing local transmission among pediatric populations. - India has set a target to interrupt the transmission of leprosy by 2027, ahead of the global Sustainable Development Goals timeline. - Early case detection, active surveillance, and post-exposure prophylaxis are critical pillars in combating childhood leprosy and reducing social stigma. **Key Statutory Bodies, Acts & Concepts** - **National Leprosy Eradication Programme:** A centrally sponsored public health scheme under the National Health Mission aimed at achieving the complete eradication and interruption of leprosy transmission across India through early detection, free treatment, and proactive screening campaigns. - **Ministry of Health and Family Welfare:** The central government department in India responsible for formulating national health policies, overseeing major disease control and eradication programmes, and managing public healthcare delivery systems. - **World Health Organization:** A specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health, setting global health standards, and monitoring disease elimination targets such as leprosy thresholds worldwide.