- India accounts for a major share of the global leprosy burden, continuing to report thousands of new cases annually. - Stigma, discrimination, and social isolation remain major barriers to early detection and treatment compliance. - Legal reforms, such as repealing discriminatory colonial-era laws and outdated provisions (like grounds for divorce based on leprosy), are essential for social integration. - Public health strategies require decentralized grassroots screening, integration with primary healthcare, and robust contact tracing to break the chain of transmission. **Introduction** The editorial discusses the persistent challenge of leprosy in India, highlighting that despite declaring elimination as a public health problem nationally, new cases continue to emerge significantly. It emphasizes the need to address social stigma, eliminate discriminatory legal provisions, and strengthen grassroots public health surveillance to truly break the chain of transmission. **Core Issue and Detailed Points** - India accounts for a major share of the global leprosy burden, continuing to report thousands of new cases annually. - Stigma, discrimination, and social isolation remain major barriers to early detection and treatment compliance. - Legal reforms, such as repealing discriminatory colonial-era laws and outdated provisions (like grounds for divorce based on leprosy), are essential for social integration. - Public health strategies require decentralized grassroots screening, integration with primary healthcare, and robust contact tracing to break the chain of transmission.