- The India-Bangladesh Joint Rivers Commission (JRC) was established in 1972 under a bilateral framework to address transboundary river issues, resource management, and flood forecasting. - India and Bangladesh share 54 common rivers, making cooperative basin management crucial for ecological sustainability and agricultural livelihoods in the region. - Major pending agreements include the Teesta water-sharing pact, highlighting complexities arising from domestic federal politics and interstate water allocation in India. - The JRC serves as a technical and consultative platform to resolve disputes regarding irrigation, flood control, and environmental flows. - **India-Bangladesh Joint River Commission:** A bilateral mechanism established in 1972 by India and Bangladesh to address transboundary water management, flood forecasting, and data sharing across their 54 shared rivers. - **Ganga Water Treaty:** A 30-year bilateral agreement signed in 1996 regulating the dry-season water sharing of the Ganges River at the Farakka Barrage, set to expire in 2026. - **Teesta River Water Sharing Agreement:** A pending bilateral water-sharing dispute between India and Bangladesh over the Teesta River, complicated by upstream utilization and federal domestic political opposition in India. **Introduction** This article explains the genesis, mandate, and functioning of the India-Bangladesh Joint Rivers Commission (JRC). Formed in 1972, the JRC provides a bilateral mechanism for addressing transboundary water management across 54 shared rivers. The piece discusses critical issues like joint flood forecasting, data sharing, ecological challenges, and pending disputes such as the Teesta River water-sharing agreement, emphasizing the diplomatic and federal challenges involved in managing transboundary water resources between the two nations. **Core Issue and Detailed Points** - The India-Bangladesh Joint Rivers Commission (JRC) was established in 1972 under a bilateral framework to address transboundary river issues, resource management, and flood forecasting. - India and Bangladesh share 54 common rivers, making cooperative basin management crucial for ecological sustainability and agricultural livelihoods in the region. - Major pending agreements include the Teesta water-sharing pact, highlighting complexities arising from domestic federal politics and interstate water allocation in India. - The JRC serves as a technical and consultative platform to resolve disputes regarding irrigation, flood control, and environmental flows. **Key Statutory Bodies, Acts & Concepts** - **India-Bangladesh Joint River Commission:** A bilateral mechanism established in 1972 by India and Bangladesh to address transboundary water management, flood forecasting, and data sharing across their 54 shared rivers. - **Ganga Water Treaty:** A 30-year bilateral agreement signed in 1996 regulating the dry-season water sharing of the Ganges River at the Farakka Barrage, set to expire in 2026. - **Teesta River Water Sharing Agreement:** A pending bilateral water-sharing dispute between India and Bangladesh over the Teesta River, complicated by upstream utilization and federal domestic political opposition in India.