- The Union Labour Ministry has constituted national social security boards to formulate welfare schemes for unorganised workers, gig workers, and platform workers. - This step is aligned with the provisions of the Code on Social Security, 2020, aiming to extend social safety nets to non-traditional and informal workforce segments. - Gig and platform workers face vulnerabilities such as lack of fixed employers, social protection, health insurance, and assured minimum wages, making formal institutional frameworks critical. - The boards will recommend schemes regarding life and disability cover, accident insurance, health and maternity benefits, and old age protection. - **Code on Social Security, 2020:** A comprehensive legislation consolidating nine central labor laws to extend social security benefits—including life, disability, health, and maternity coverage—to unorganized, gig, and platform workers for the first time in India. - **National Social Security Board:** A statutory advisory body constituted under the Code on Social Security to recommend, design, and monitor welfare schemes, life insurance, health, and old-age security for unorganized, gig, and platform workers. - **Ministry of Labour and Employment:** The nodal central government ministry responsible for formulating labor policies, ensuring worker safety and welfare, regulating industrial relations, and implementing labor codes in India. **Introduction** The Union Ministry of Labour and Employment has formally constituted national social security boards for unorganised, gig, and platform workers under the framework of the Code on Social Security, 2020. This institutional mechanism aims to address the growing vulnerabilities of the digital and informal workforce by formulating welfare schemes covering life insurance, health, maternity benefits, and old-age security. **Core Issue and Detailed Points** - The Union Labour Ministry has constituted national social security boards to formulate welfare schemes for unorganised workers, gig workers, and platform workers. - This step is aligned with the provisions of the Code on Social Security, 2020, aiming to extend social safety nets to non-traditional and informal workforce segments. - Gig and platform workers face vulnerabilities such as lack of fixed employers, social protection, health insurance, and assured minimum wages, making formal institutional frameworks critical. - The boards will recommend schemes regarding life and disability cover, accident insurance, health and maternity benefits, and old age protection. **Key Statutory Bodies, Acts & Concepts** - **Code on Social Security, 2020:** A comprehensive legislation consolidating nine central labor laws to extend social security benefits—including life, disability, health, and maternity coverage—to unorganized, gig, and platform workers for the first time in India. - **National Social Security Board:** A statutory advisory body constituted under the Code on Social Security to recommend, design, and monitor welfare schemes, life insurance, health, and old-age security for unorganized, gig, and platform workers. - **Ministry of Labour and Employment:** The nodal central government ministry responsible for formulating labor policies, ensuring worker safety and welfare, regulating industrial relations, and implementing labor codes in India.