The editorial examines the suboptimal outcomes and structural challenges surrounding social security boards meant for unorganised, gig, and platform workers in India. It highlights the gaps in policy implementation, the lack of enforceable social security benefits from platform aggregators, and the urgent need for robust institutional mechanisms under labour codes to protect vulnerable modern workforce segments. - **Code on Social Security:** A comprehensive labour legislation that consolidates central labour laws to extend social security benefits, including life, disability, health, and old-age cover, to unorganised, gig, and platform workers. - **Unorganised Workers' Social Security Act 2008:** A 2008 legislation enacted to provide a framework for welfare schemes and social security measures for unorganised workers in India, establishing national and state boards. - **Ministry of Labour and Employment:** The nodal central ministry responsible for formulating labour policies, regulating employment standards, enacting labour codes, and overseeing social security boards for workers. **Introduction** The editorial examines the suboptimal outcomes and structural challenges surrounding social security boards meant for unorganised, gig, and platform workers in India. It highlights the gaps in policy implementation, the lack of enforceable social security benefits from platform aggregators, and the urgent need for robust institutional mechanisms under labour codes to protect vulnerable modern workforce segments. **Core Issue and Detailed Points** - Gig and platform workers face systemic vulnerabilities, including lack of formal employment contracts, social security, and adequate legal protections. - State-level social security boards and welfare boards for unorganised and gig workers often suffer from suboptimal implementation, underutilization of funds, and administrative bottlenecks. - While national frameworks like the Code on Social Security recognize gig and platform workers, effective operationalization and mandatory contributions from aggregators remain lagging. - Comprehensive policy interventions are required to ensure fair wages, safe working conditions, and robust social safety nets backed by enforceable legal mandates. **Key Statutory Bodies, Acts & Concepts** - **Code on Social Security:** A comprehensive labour legislation that consolidates central labour laws to extend social security benefits, including life, disability, health, and old-age cover, to unorganised, gig, and platform workers. - **Unorganised Workers' Social Security Act 2008:** A 2008 legislation enacted to provide a framework for welfare schemes and social security measures for unorganised workers in India, establishing national and state boards. - **Ministry of Labour and Employment:** The nodal central ministry responsible for formulating labour policies, regulating employment standards, enacting labour codes, and overseeing social security boards for workers.