- The 'One Health' approach integrates human, animal, and environmental health to effectively prevent and combat zoonotic diseases and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). - Modern genomic surveillance and tracking vectors like fleas and livestock reservoirs are critical for early warning systems against epidemics. - Statecraft of prevention requires moving away from reactive healthcare responses toward systemic, cross-sectoral investments in ecological balance and biosecurity. - Challenges include compartmentalized governance structures, underfunded public health infrastructure, and the interface between human activities and wildlife habitats. - **National One Health Mission:** An overarching inter-ministerial initiative in India designed to integrate human, animal, and environmental health surveillance systems to enhance national health security and pandemic preparedness. - **World Health Organization:** The specialized United Nations agency responsible for international public health, coordinating global responses to health emergencies and disease outbreaks. - **Food and Agriculture Organization:** A specialized UN agency leading international efforts to defeat hunger, improve nutrition, and promote sustainable agricultural and livestock management practices. - **World Organisation for Animal Health:** An intergovernmental organization tasked with improving animal health worldwide, establishing international veterinary standards for trade and disease control. **Introduction** The article explores the principles of the 'One Health' framework, emphasizing that human health is inextricably linked to animal health and environmental ecosystems. It highlights the role of genomic surveillance, managing vector-borne risks from livestock and wildlife, and transitioning from reactive public health measures to proactive statecraft focused on prevention, disease ecology, and cross-sectoral governance. **Core Issue and Detailed Points** - The 'One Health' approach integrates human, animal, and environmental health to effectively prevent and combat zoonotic diseases and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). - Modern genomic surveillance and tracking vectors like fleas and livestock reservoirs are critical for early warning systems against epidemics. - Statecraft of prevention requires moving away from reactive healthcare responses toward systemic, cross-sectoral investments in ecological balance and biosecurity. - Challenges include compartmentalized governance structures, underfunded public health infrastructure, and the interface between human activities and wildlife habitats. **Key Statutory Bodies, Acts & Concepts** - **National One Health Mission:** An overarching inter-ministerial initiative in India designed to integrate human, animal, and environmental health surveillance systems to enhance national health security and pandemic preparedness. - **World Health Organization:** The specialized United Nations agency responsible for international public health, coordinating global responses to health emergencies and disease outbreaks. - **Food and Agriculture Organization:** A specialized UN agency leading international efforts to defeat hunger, improve nutrition, and promote sustainable agricultural and livestock management practices. - **World Organisation for Animal Health:** An intergovernmental organization tasked with improving animal health worldwide, establishing international veterinary standards for trade and disease control.